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UK Parliament · Bill

Great British Energy Act 2025

Summary

The Great British Energy Act 2025 establishes a new state-owned energy company tasked with investing in renewable energy projects across the UK, particularly in wind, solar, and other clean energy infrastructure. The legislation aims to reduce the UK's dependence on fossil fuels, create jobs in the green energy sector, and help meet climate commitments. The bill grants the company powers to develop projects, form partnerships with private companies, and operate competitively within the energy market.

A vote to support means

  • Accelerates the transition to renewable energy by providing government-backed investment and reducing reliance on volatile global fossil fuel markets
  • Creates skilled jobs in renewable energy development, construction, and maintenance across regions outside London, supporting economic levelling-up
  • Strengthens UK energy independence and security by building domestic renewable capacity rather than depending on imported gas and oil
  • Reduces long-term household energy bills by increasing renewable supply, which has lower marginal costs than fossil fuels once installed

A vote to oppose means

  • Commits substantial public money (estimated billions) that could alternatively fund public services like the NHS, schools, or social care during a period of constrained government budgets
  • May struggle to compete effectively with established private energy companies, risking inefficiency or requiring ongoing government subsidies to remain viable
  • Fails to address immediate energy affordability for struggling households, focusing instead on long-term infrastructure when people face current energy poverty
  • Delays necessary private sector investment by creating uncertainty about how a state-owned competitor will operate and whether it will distort the energy market

Cast Your Vote

People's Vote55 votes
9% Support · 591% Oppose · 50
Parliament's Vote472 MPs
76% Ayes · 36124% Noes · 111

Democratic Gap

67% — Large gap

Outcome mismatch — the public would block this bill, but Parliament passed it

Bill Passage

Commons

  • 1st reading25 Jul 2024
  • 2nd reading5 Sept 2024
  • Committee stage8 Oct 2024
  • Report stage29 Oct 2024
  • 3rd reading29 Oct 2024

Lords

  • 1st reading30 Oct 2024
  • 2nd reading18 Nov 2024
  • Committee stage3 Dec 2024
  • Report stage11 Feb 2025
  • 3rd reading25 Feb 2025
Royal Assent15 May 2025
Full Bill Description(click to expand)

No description available